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ASTM A403 WP321H-S Stainless Steel 180 Degree Return Bend For Oil Gas Refineries

Categories Return Bend
Brand Name: Yuhong
Model Number: ASTM A403 WP321H-S
Certification: ABS, BV, DNV, CCS, LR
Place of Origin: China
MOQ: 1 PC
Price: Negotiable
Payment Terms: TT, LC
Supply Ability: According to Clients' requirements
Delivery Time: Generally within 30 Days
Packaging Details: Ply-wooden Cases/Pallets
Product Name: 180 Degree Return Bend/180 Degree Elbow
Specification: ASTM A403
Material: WP321H-S
Radius: LR or SR (Depend on Customer's Requirements)
Surface: Sand Tumbling or Sand Blasting
Test: Size Inspection, NDE Test...
Size Standard: ASME B16.9
Application: High-Temperature & Corrosive Environments; Food & Pharmaceutical Industries; Aerospace & Automotive Exhaust Systems; Nuclear & Cryogenic Applications...
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ASTM A403 WP321H-S Stainless Steel 180 Degree Return Bend For Oil Gas Refineries

ASTM A403 WP321H-S Stainless Steel 180 Degree Return Bend For Oil & Gas Refineries


The A403 WP321H-S 180° Elbow is a high-performance pipe fitting designed for demanding industrial applications. Below is a detailed breakdown of its specifications, material properties, and typical uses:


1. Definition & Specifications


Standard: ASTM A403 (Standard for wrought stainless steel fittings for pressure piping).

Grade: WP321H (321H Stainless Steel, "H" denotes high carbon content for elevated temperature service).

Type: 180° Elbow (U-shaped bend that reverses flow direction by 180 degrees).

"S" Suffix: Indicates seamless construction (superior for high-pressure/temperature applications).


2. Material Properties (321H Stainless Steel)


Composition: Austenitic stainless steel with titanium (Ti) added to prevent chromium carbide precipitation (resists sensitization during welding/high-temp exposure).


Key Features:

  • High-Temperature Strength: Carbon content (0.04–0.10%) enhances creep resistance (suitable for up to 900°C/1650°F).
  • Corrosion Resistance: Resists oxidation, acids, and chlorides (better than 304/304H in many environments).
  • Stabilized Alloy: Titanium reduces intergranular corrosion risks.

(a) Chemical Composition (ASTM A403 / ASTM A182 WP321H)

The chemical composition of 321H stainless steel must meet the following limits (weight %):

ElementComposition Range (%)
Carbon (C)0.04 – 0.10 (High carbon for high-temp strength)
Manganese (Mn)≤ 2.00
Silicon (Si)≤ 1.00
Phosphorus (P)≤ 0.045
Sulfur (S)≤ 0.030
Chromium (Cr)17.0 – 20.0
Nickel (Ni)9.0 – 12.0
Titanium (Ti)≥ 5×C% (min. 0.40) (Ti stabilizes against sensitization)
Iron (Fe)Balance

Key Notes on Composition:

Titanium (Ti) prevents chromium carbide precipitation (sensitization) during welding or high-temp exposure.

Higher carbon (C) improves creep resistance at elevated temperatures compared to standard 321.


(b). Mechanical Properties (ASTM A403 / ASTM A182 WP321H)

PropertyValue (Typical)
Tensile Strength (UTS)≥ 515 MPa (75 ksi)
Yield Strength (YS)≥ 205 MPa (30 ksi)
Elongation (% in 50mm)≥ 30%
Hardness (Brinell HB)≤ 201 HB (Annealed)
Impact ResistanceGood (Charpy V-notch tested for low-temp apps)

High-Temperature Performance:

Max Operating Temp: ~900°C (1650°F) (continuous service).

Oxidation Resistance: Excellent due to high Cr content.

Creep Strength: Superior to 304H/316H at temps above 600°C (1112°F).


3. Why Choose a Seamless ("S") 180° Elbow?

  • Leak-Proof: No welded seams, reducing failure risks.
  • High-Pressure Rating: Ideal for ASME B16.9/B16.11 piping systems.
  • Smooth Flow: Minimizes turbulence in U-turn piping layouts.

4. Comparison to Similar Grades

Feature321H (WP321H-S)304H (WP304H-S)347H (WP347H-S)
StabilizerTitanium (Ti)NoneNiobium (Nb)
Max Temp~900°C (1650°F)~815°C (1500°F)~980°C (1800°F)
Best ForWelded high-temp appsGeneral high-temp useExtreme heat (e.g., furnaces)

5. Key Applications

Due to its corrosion resistance and high-temperature stability, this elbow is commonly used in:

a) High-Temperature & Corrosive Environments

  • Chemical & Petrochemical Plants: Handling acids, chlorides, and other aggressive media.
  • Oil & Gas Refineries: High-pressure piping systems, especially where sulfur compounds are present.
  • Power Generation (Boilers, Superheaters): Steam lines and exhaust systems operating at elevated temperatures.

b) Food & Pharmaceutical Industries

  • Sanitary piping systems where corrosion resistance and cleanability are critical.

c) Aerospace & Automotive Exhaust Systems

  • High-temperature exhaust manifolds and piping.

d) Nuclear & Cryogenic Applications

  • Used in certain reactor coolant systems due to its stability under radiation and thermal cycling.

Conclusion

The A403 WP321H-S 180° elbow is a critical component for systems requiring heat resistance, corrosion protection, and high structural integrity, especially in power generation, oil/gas, and chemical industries. Its seamless construction and titanium stabilization make it a reliable choice for extreme conditions.


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