Introduction to torsional vibration dampers for passenger cars
In modern passenger cars, torsional vibration dampers are a crucial
component that not only affects the driving safety and stability of
the vehicle, but also directly impacts driving comfort and vehicle
durability. This article will provide a detailed introduction to
the function, working principle, advantages, and adjustment methods
of torsional vibration dampers for passenger cars, helping readers
better understand this precision automotive component.
1, Function of torsional vibration damper
Torsion shock absorber, also known as torsional damper, is an
important component in automotive clutches, mainly composed of
elastic elements and damping elements. Its core functions include:
Reduce the torsional frequency of the transmission system: By
reducing the torsional stiffness of the joint between the engine
crankshaft and the transmission system, the natural frequency of
torsional vibration in the transmission system can be lowered to
avoid resonance phenomena.
Suppress torsional resonance: Increase the torsional damping of the
transmission system, suppress the amplitude corresponding to
torsional resonance, and attenuate transient torsional vibration
caused by impact, protecting the transmission system from damage.
Control idle vibration: When the powertrain is idling, control the
torsional vibration of the clutch and transmission shaft system to
eliminate the idle noise of the transmission and the torsional
vibration and noise of the main reducer and transmission.
Improve engagement smoothness: alleviate the torsional impact load
of the transmission system under unstable working conditions,
improve the engagement smoothness of the clutch, and make gear
shifting smoother.
2, Working principle of torsional vibration damper
The working principle of torsional vibration dampers can be simply
understood as the process of energy absorption and dissipation.
When the vehicle is driving on uneven roads or making sharp turns,
the transmission system will produce torsional vibration. The
torsional vibration damper absorbs and dissipates the vibration
energy through internal elastic elements (such as springs) and
damping elements (such as damping plates).
Specifically, when the driven disc is in operation, the friction
torque experienced by the friction plates on both sides is first
transmitted to the driven disc body and the shock absorber disc,
and then transmitted to the driven disc hub through several shock
absorber springs. When the spring is compressed, it plays a
buffering role, greatly reducing the impact on the transmission
system. At the same time, the torsional vibration in the
transmission system will cause the driven disc hub to oscillate
back and forth relative to the driven disc body and the shock
absorber disc, consuming the energy of the torsional vibration
through the friction of the damping plate sandwiched between them,
resulting in rapid attenuation of the torsional vibration.
3, Advantages of torsional vibration dampers
Compared with traditional shock absorbers, torsional shock
absorbers have the following significant advantages:
More stable damping force: By using a controllable hydraulic
system, the damping force can be adjusted as needed, making the
damping force smoother and the shock absorption effect more
significant.
Less energy loss: It can convert the energy generated by the
vehicle during driving into electrical energy and store it in the
battery, thereby further improving fuel economy and reducing
environmental impact.
Lower maintenance costs: With a reliable electronic control system,
there is no need to regularly replace hydraulic oil and seals,
resulting in lower maintenance costs.
4, Adjustment method and influence of torsional vibration damper
angle
Due to the influence of the vehicle's center of gravity and load
distribution on the angle of the torsional vibration damper,
adjusting the angle of the torsional vibration damper can further
improve the smoothness and comfort of driving. The specific
adjustment method is as follows:
Measure the original angle: Before adjusting the angle, it is
necessary to measure the original angle so that the adjusted effect
can be compared. Professional angle measurement tools are required
during measurement to ensure accurate and reliable measurement
data.
Adjusting the torsion angle: Based on the actual situation of the
vehicle and measurement data, the angle of the torsional vibration
damper can be adjusted. In general, upward adjustment can improve
the stability and anti rollover ability of the vehicle, while
downward adjustment can enhance the comfort and transitional
performance of the suspension system.
Test effect: After the adjustment is completed, a road test is
required to verify the effect of the adjustment. During testing,
attention should be paid to vehicle speed and road conditions to
ensure the authenticity and validity of the test data.
5, Summary
As an important component in passenger cars, torsional vibration
dampers ensure smooth operation and driving comfort by reducing the
torsional stiffness and vibration of the transmission system. Its
working principle and advantages have made it widely used in modern
automobile manufacturing. Meanwhile, by adjusting the angle of the
torsional vibration damper, the driving performance of the vehicle
can be further optimized. Therefore, it is crucial for car
manufacturers, owners, and maintenance personnel to understand and
master the relevant knowledge of torsional vibration dampers.
Car torsional vibration damper assembly Light engine noise reduction
